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Aslan ESBO is commonly used as a secondary plasticizer and can also provide supplementary stabilization in flexible PVC formulations. Its contribution to plasticization and heat stability depends on the overall formulation and processing conditions. ESBO addition levels should not be selected solely on the basis of a standard dosage. The formulation should first be evaluated against the specific application requirements and identified performance deficiencies. The intended function of ESBO should then be defined, such as secondary plasticization, co-plasticization, or supplementary stabilization. Finally, you should always verify the new formula through careful testing. Yuanyide offers Epoxidized Soybean Oil (ESBO) alongside a wide range of primary and specialty plasticizers, such as DOTP, DPHP, TOTM, DOA, and DOS. This selection allows manufacturers to test and choose the best plasticizer combinations based on their specific final needs.
ESBO is a bio-based plasticizer and stabilizing co-additive commonly used in flexible PVC formulations. Its epoxy functionality can contribute to acid scavenging and supplementary heat stabilization during PVC processing. Yuanyide ESBO offers low volatility and minimal migration, which can contribute to improved plasticizer retention in flexible PVC products. It also exhibits good resistance to water and oil under applicable test conditions. It can also be evaluated in applications such as refrigerator seals, artificial leather, flooring, wallpaper, wires, and cables, subject to formulation and end-use requirements.
When used as a secondary plasticizer, ESBO should be evaluated as part of the overall plasticizer system rather than as an isolated additive. The primary plasticizer typically provides the main contribution to plasticization and processability, while ESBO can modify the overall balance of flexibility, permanence, migration, and thermal stability.
ESBO is also valued as an ESBO stabilizer for PVC because its epoxy functionality can interact with acidic species generated during PVC thermal degradation. In practice, this can help support processing and heat stability.
Before deciding the ESBO addition level, first identify what the finished PVC product needs to do.
A useful formulation review begins by connecting the problem with the property that needs improvement.
| Formulation Issue | What to Evaluate |
| Insufficient flexibility | Plasticizer efficiency, hardness, elongation |
| Heat discoloration | Thermal stability, color retention, processing history |
| Plasticizer migration | Compatibility, migration, extraction resistance |
| Excessive volatility | Weight loss, volatility, plasticizer retention |
| Surface tackiness or exudation | Compatibility, migration, fusion, and processing conditions |
| Poor long-term performance | Mechanical and thermal aging |
For PVC film, flexibility, surface condition, migration, and aging may be important. Artificial leather may require controlled softness, flex resistance, and clean surface performance. Wire and cable compounds can place greater emphasis on heat aging, electrical properties, flexibility, and plasticizer retention.
Define the required Shore hardness, tensile strength, elongation, and flexibility. Increasing total plasticizer loading may improve softness, but the overall formulation still needs enough mechanical integrity for processing and service.
Consider the actual processing temperature and expected service environment. Color change during processing, thermal aging, and retention of physical properties after exposure can reveal whether the formulation has an appropriate stability balance.
For products where long-term softness, clean surfaces, or dimensional stability matter, evaluate plasticizer migration and volatility rather than judging the compound only immediately after production.
This is the central decision when working with ESBO in PVC formulations.
| Formulation Objective | Potential ESBO Role |
| Adjust overall plasticization | Secondary plasticizer |
| Support heat stability | Stabilizing component |
| Modify a primary plasticizer system | Co-plasticizer |
| Balance plasticization and stability | Dual-function additive |
If flexibility is the main problem, evaluate ESBO as part of the total plasticizer loading. If thermal stability is the main concern, its contribution should instead be assessed against heat-aging and color-stability results.
In many practical formulations, both functions matter. The objective is therefore not to maximize ESBO content but to identify the level at which the complete PVC compound reaches its required performance.
The primary plasticizer and ESBO should be selected as part of an integrated plasticizer system, with the primary plasticizer generally providing the main plasticization function and ESBO used to fine-tune plasticization, permanence, and stabilization.
Dioctyl Terephthalate (DOTP) is one of Yuanyide’s plasticizers for flexible PVC applications. It provides good plasticizing efficiency and is characterized by low volatility, migration resistance, thermal stability, and electrical insulation properties. Yuanyide lists applications including cables, films, flooring, artificial leather, hoses, and other PVC products.
An ESBO and DOTP system can therefore be evaluated when DOTP provides the main plasticization while ESBO contributes secondary plasticization and stabilization support. The appropriate balance should still be determined experimentally rather than using a universal ratio.
For applications emphasizing heat resistance, low migration, and durability, Trioctyl Trimellitate (TOTM) may be considered as the primary plasticizer. Yuanyide describes TOTM as a heat-resistant, durable primary plasticizer with low volatility and migration, particularly relevant to applications such as heat-resistant wires and cables.
Where low-temperature flexibility is the main target, DOA or DOS may be more relevant candidates. DPHP can also be considered for PVC applications requiring durability, heat resistance, weather resistance, and low volatility. The important point is that ESBO should complement the selected primary plasticizer rather than be treated as interchangeable with every other plasticizer.
There is no single ESBO dosage in PVC that is correct for every formulation. The appropriate level depends on the PVC resin, primary plasticizer, stabilizer system, filler content, target hardness, processing method, and end-use conditions.
A practical approach is to prepare controlled trials:
Control formulation → Lower ESBO level → Intermediate ESBO level → Higher ESBO level → Compare results
Keep resin, filler, lubricant, processing conditions, and other major variables consistent wherever possible. This makes it easier to determine whether a change in performance actually comes from the ESBO addition level.
PVC formulation testing should examine more than initial softness.
| Test | Main Purpose |
| Shore hardness | Evaluate plasticization efficiency and hardness |
| Tensile strength | Check mechanical integrity |
| Elongation | Evaluate flexibility |
| Thermal aging | Assess heat durability |
| Color change | Monitor thermal degradation |
| Migration test | Evaluate plasticizer retention |
| Weight-loss test | Compare volatility |
| Surface inspection | Identify exudation or tackiness |
| Processing trial | Check fusion and production behavior |
The testing program should reflect the application. A cable manufacturer, for example, may need electrical and thermal-aging tests that are not required for ordinary decorative PVC film.
A laboratory compound passing basic tests does not automatically mean the final product is qualified.
The formulation should also be processed using conditions representative of commercial production. Film thickness, extrusion conditions, coating process, heat history, storage, and actual service environment can all influence final performance.
For this reason, final suitability and regulatory compliance should be validated using the customer’s actual formulation and production conditions. This boundary is also emphasized in Yuanyide’s application guidance.
At Yuanyide, we manufacture and supply a broad plasticizer portfolio rather than approaching every PVC project with one material. Our range includes ESBO, DOTP, DPHP, TOTM, DOA, DOS, and other plasticizer options. We also provide R&D, consultation, technical guidance, procurement support, sample orders, and one-stop plasticizer services.
For formulation evaluation, provide the PVC application, primary plasticizer, stabilizer system, target hardness, processing conditions, heat-aging requirements, migration requirements, and expected annual volume.
ESBO can add valuable secondary plasticization and stabilization functionality, but its optimum role depends on the entire PVC system. By combining Epoxidized Soybean Oil (ESBO) with suitable Yuanyide primary and specialty plasticizers, formulators can build a more targeted trial program instead of relying on a fixed recipe.
Contact Yuanyide to discuss your PVC formulation requirements and evaluate an appropriate ESBO and primary plasticizer combination.
A: ESBO is commonly used as a secondary plasticizer and stabilizing co-additive in flexible PVC. It can contribute to plasticization while supporting thermal stability, and Yuanyide lists applications including PVC films, sheets, artificial leather, flooring, seals, pipes, wires, and cables. Its exact role should be determined according to the complete formulation and end-use requirements.
A: ESBO is commonly positioned as a secondary plasticizer and stabilizer in PVC systems. Rather than assuming it should provide all required plasticization, formulators can combine it with a suitable primary plasticizer and assess how the blend affects flexibility, heat stability, migration, processing, and aging.
A: Yes, ESBO and DOTP can be evaluated within the same PVC plasticizer system. DOTP can provide the main plasticization function, while ESBO can contribute secondary plasticization and stabilization. The appropriate ratio should be confirmed through comparative formulation and finished-product testing rather than applying one fixed value to every PVC application.
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